The session explored how Monitoring, Evaluation, and Learning (MEL) systems can move beyond compliance and reporting to foster shared reflection, adaptation, and collaboration across research programmes. Drawing on examples from CLARE, AQUADAPT, and KIX – three initiatives supported by the International Development Research Centre (IDRC) – we discussed what it takes to design MEL systems that are both practical and learning-oriented.

The presentation highlighted several key considerations that guided the development of MEL systems alongside investment in KM platforms:

• Every programme is unique – systems must fit their specific context. 
• Use outcome-focused and actor-centred approaches – and provide the support needed to make them work.
• Start from MEL users’ needs – including both donors and grantees.
• Facilitate learning loops and collective sense-making, not just data reporting.
• Encourage openness, shared ownership, and responsibility in how data is managed and used.
• Set up integrated, bespoke systems that automate routine processes while staying adaptable to change.

Together, the AQUADAPT, KIX, and CLARE experiences illustrated how tailored, integrated MEL systems can help bridge the gap between research and practice – turning data into dialogue and learning into action.

The presentation, “Bridging Communities and Content: Integrated KM for Climate Research Collaboration”, showcased how the Dgroups Foundation supported CLARE in designing and building a modular knowledge management platform that connects people, content, and learning across more than 30 research projects worldwide.

Instead of purchasing a single off-the-shelf solution, the CLARE programme design team agreed with the Foundation team’s recommendation to “buy smart, build light, and stay adaptable.”

The resulting platform integrates familiar tools – WordPress for web and integration with the DSpace repository, Groups.io for collaboration, and ODK for monitoring and learning – into one connected environment. At the core of the collaboration module is email, still the most inclusive and accessible medium for the Programme’s collaborators.

Following the Principles for Digital Development, the platform was co-designed through consultation with Programme partners and built for flexibility, sustainability, and ease of use. It enables CLARE collaborations to share outputs openly, connect through communities of practice, and link evidence to programme-wide learning.

Key takeaways from this specific experience include:

• User voices matter more than assumptions – designing with people, not for them, ensures relevance and adoption.
  
• Buy smart, build light, stay adaptable – combine proven tools rather than reinventing new ones, keeping systems lean and flexible.
  
• Invest early, save later – time spent on consultation, research, and integration upfront reduces long-term recurring costs.
  
• Email remains the most accessible tool for interaction – it continues to be the simplest, most inclusive way to collaborate across contexts.
  
• Visibility of data encourages contributions – when users see how information is used, they are more motivated to share and update it.
  
• Plan for and provide ongoing facilitation and support – platforms thrive when there are people who nurture engagement and connection.

This collaboration demonstrated how an integrated, fit-for-purpose approach can achieve value for money and technically sound systems that are affordable to maintain, adaptable over time, and supportive of user needs.

Key requirements, commonalities, and unique needs

The scoping and consultation phases were critical to understand each project’s priorities and MEL system requirements. While some needs were universal, others were specific to the project contexts. Additionally, trade-offs meant that certain features deemed essential for one project were categorized as desirable for the other.

Commonalities across projects

Both initiatives required MEL systems that were not only accessible from within the KM platforms but also seamlessly integrated as key components. Shared requirements included:

• Calendars or reporting schedules to ensure timely tracking and planning.
• Access to key documents and support materials for guidance.
• Interactive spaces to facilitate collaboration among stakeholders.
• Tools for submitting, reviewing, and approving monitoring data.
• Flexibility for editing and managing data post-submission.
• Ability to aggregate data across projects, stakeholders, and other fields.
• Dashboards and visualization tools for clear, actionable data presentation.
• Options for data export for offline analysis.
• Role-based access control with one user per account and multiple user roles.
• Single sign-on (SSO) for streamlined access and accountability.
• Robust data security and privacy protocols to safeguard sensitive information.

Unique requirements for each project

The MEL systems also needed to be user-friendly, minimizing reliance on external consultants for updates, reports, or maintenance, while remaining scalable and adaptable to evolving project needs.

CLARE

• Advanced features for target setting and executing complex queries for granular analysis.
• Support for sophisticated data collection tools, including follow-up forms and beneficiary-linked reporting.

AQUADAPT

• Integration of selected MEL entries into an internal ‘library’ of research and knowledge products.
• Automated generation of downloadable documents from Outcome Cases for dissemination and documentation.

Solutions implemented

For each project, we adopted a tailored approach to ensure that each system met its unique requirements while leveraging tools that were robust, user-friendly, and scalable. Below, we outline the solutions implemented for each project, highlighting the rationale behind the chosen tools and the functionalities they enable.

CLARE: Leveraging ODK and Power BI

For CLARE, we developed the MEL system using Open Data Kit (ODK) for data collection and review, paired with Power BI for analysis and visualization.

Why ODK? ODK is an open-source suite of tools tailored for environments with limited resources or connectivity. Its key strengths include:

• Diverse question types and conditional logic for dynamic data collection.
• Built-in calculations, checks, and controls to minimize errors during data submission.
• Capability to save incomplete entries as drafts for later submission.
• Integration with external datasets for pre-populating forms, reducing manual input and errors.
• Support for creating ‘entities‘ that dynamically populate follow-up forms, linking entries for consistency in reporting.

Integration with Power BI: Data from ODK forms is aggregated and displayed in tabular format within Power BI, providing:

• A quick overview of all data available.
• A KPI dashboard to track progress on impact, outcome, and output indicators against milestones and targets.

Using Google Workspace for AQUADAPT

For AQUADAPT, we initially considered ODK but encountered a limitation: the inability for users to reopen and edit form entries—a feature not yet available without custom development.

Instead, we opted for a reliable and familiar solution using Google Workspace tools such as Forms and Sheets. To avoid the complexity and cost of creating individual Google Workspace accounts for each MEL system user, we leveraged the Google Sheets API to display submitted entries as tables within WordPress. Additionally, we utilized WordPress user roles and custom fields to enable granular access to MEL data and tools, tailored to the needs of different projects and user groups. This approach ensured a cost-effective, user-friendly solution while maintaining flexibility and security. (Note: This solution is currently in testing and not yet live—updates will follow.)

Lessons and considerations for future work

Each project’s MEL system reflects a balance of universal requirements and bespoke solutions. While CLARE benefitted from the advanced capabilities of ODK and Power BI, AQUADAPT leveraged the simplicity and flexibility of Google Workspace tools.

These experiences underscore the importance of tailoring MEL systems to the unique needs of each initiative while maintaining scalability, security, and ease of use – and looking to build integrated platforms where users can plan, report, share, interact and learn.